Lesson 28: Normal Lung Sounds

Normal breath sounds are classified as tracheal, bronchial, bronchovesicular, and vesicular sounds. The patterns of normal breath sounds are created by the effect of body structures on air moving through airways. In addition to their location, breath sounds are described by:

• duration (how long the sound lasts),
• intensity (how loud the sound is),
• pitch (how high or low the sound is), and
• timing (when the sound occurs in the respiratory cycle)
  Tracheal breath sounds are heard over the trachea. These sounds are harsh and sound like air is being blown through a pipe.
  Bronchial sounds are present over the large airways in the anterior chest near the second and third intercostal spaces; these sounds are more tubular and hollow-sounding than vesicular sounds, but not as harsh as tracheal breath sounds. 

Bronchovesicular sounds are heard in the posterior chest between the scapulae and in the center part of the anterior chest. Bronchovesicular sounds are softer than bronchial sounds, but have a tubular quality. 
Vesicular sounds are soft, blowing, or rustling sounds normally heard throughout most of the lung fields. Vesicular sounds are normally heard throughout inspiration, continue without pause through expiration, and then fade away about one third of the way through expiration


Normal Findings for NCLEX

Normal findings on auscultation include:

• Loud, high-pitched bronchial breath sounds over the trachea
• Medium pitched bronchovesicular sounds over the mainstream bronchi, between the scapulae, and below the clavicles
• Soft, breezy, low-pitched vesicular breath sounds over most of the peripheral lung fields.

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