Shock is a life-threatening condition with a variety of underlying causes. Shock can best be defined as a condition in which systemic blood pressure is inadequate to deliver oxygen and nutrients to support vital organs and cellular function.
There are 7 kinds of shock: Psychogenic, Anaphylatic, Hemorrhagic, Septic, Neurogenic, Hypovolemic, Cardiogenic
General signs of shock: low BP, rapid pulse, cool, clammy skin, decreased urine output
The four body systems that try to compensate:
hematologic-activating coagulation cascade
cardiovascular-increase heart rate, constrict blood vessels
renal- increase renin secretions
neuroendocrine-increase in ADH which helps to reabsorp water and salt
Stages of Shock:
compensatory stage -body tries to compensate, flight or fight response, respirations over >20
progressive stage- the mechanism that regulates BP no longer is able to compensate BP falls SBP below 90, will hear rapid shallow breathing with crackles
irreversible stage-shock causes organ damage so severe client does not respond to treatment, intubation required
Management of shock:
Assess mental status, skin perfusion, vital signs
Give fluid and blood replacement
Monitor I &O's
Shock Medications
Dopamine
Dubatamine
Epinephrine
Norepinehrine
Nitroglycerin
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